供应BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
深圳市粤湘孚石油化工有限公司
中国 深圳
产品属性
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品牌
BP
型号
BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
包装规格
18L/200L
外观
1
成分
1
用途
BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
ISO粘度等级
其他
运动粘度(40℃)
1mm2/s
粘度指数
1
闪点(开口)
1℃
倾点
1℃
牌号
1
比重
1g/cm3
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BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油 BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油 BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油 BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油 BP安能欣SG-XP 680高温合成齿轮油
Volatility
A gasoline engine requires a fuel which is sufficiently volatile to allow easy formation of the air and fuel vapor mixture required for combustion, while not being so volatile as to cause bubbles of vapor in the fuel lines ("vapor lock") resulting in fuel starvation. Specifications are set to control these properties based on the fuel's vapor pressure and distillation characteristics. These are different for Mogas and AVGAS.Mogas volatility is set to meet the requirements of ground based vehicle operation for particular regions and seasonal conditions. AVGAS volatility must meet far more stringent criteria for aviation use as atmospheric pressure and temperature can change dramatically during normal operations. For example, fuel warmed to 70° F on an airfield can, in a matter of minutes, experience a pressure drop of 17% as an aircraft climbs to 5,000 feet. The fuel must not cause vapor lock. Similarly, an aircraft descending from 10,000 feet to sea level can experience an almost 36° F swing in temperature. The cold fuel must still be sufficiently volatile as atmospheric pressure increases.
To meet these demanding criteria, AVGAS distillation and vapor pressure are tightly controlled. The result is a fuel which can perform in many different and severe conditions from the equator to the arctic, from sea level to many thousands feet.
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Manufacture
Gasoline is manufactured from crude oil using various refinery processes to improve the quality and volume of fuel produced. Typically, a refinery will have a number of processes to make components which are then "blended" to give a fuel of suitable quality for the market.Mogas is manufactured using many different refinery components to meet the demands of high volume production. Components often include reformate and alkylate, high octane materials, cracked spirit - an olefinic material - possibly oxygenated materials such as ethers (e.g. methyl tertiary butyl ether), alcohols (e.g. ethanol) and a host of other possibilities. If some of these components were used for AVGAS there could be disastrous consequences as discussed below.
AVGAS can only be made from a limited set of components of the highest quality. The octane and volatility requirements generally limit the choice of alkylate, isomerate and possibly reformate. As a result, only a limited number of the world's refineries have the capability to manufacture AVGAS. No ethers or alcohols are allowed in the blend as these have a low energy content and would reduce the range of aircraft. This is also captured in a minimum energy specification for AVGAS - there is no such specification for Mogas.
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Volatility
A gasoline engine requires a fuel which is sufficiently volatile to allow easy formation of the air and fuel vapor mixture required for combustion, while not being so volatile as to cause bubbles of vapor in the fuel lines ("vapor lock") resulting in fuel starvation. Specifications are set to control these properties based on the fuel's vapor pressure and distillation characteristics. These are different for Mogas and AVGAS.After manufacture, small amounts of approved ethers and alcohols may be added as fuel system anti-icing additives. However, this is strictly controlled to meet particular operational requirements. High concentration of alcohols can attack fuel system components and cause seal swelling/failure. They can entrain water into the fuel and promote phase separation into water + alcohol/fuel phases, which may cause engine failure. AVGAS specifications help protect the aviator from these hazards. AVGAS, and other aviation fuels, are very carefully controlled at the refinery and in the distribution system to ensure no contamination by other products. Red, green and blue dye, respectively, are added to distinguish between AVGAS 80, 100 and 100LL for instance. Quality control follows every batch ensuring it is clean and on specification, ready for use. Overall, AVGAS is the highest quality gasoline a refinery can manufacture.
