柴油发电机润滑系统常见故障检修技能
Common troubleshooting skills of diesel engine lubrication system
1、机油油面增高
1, oil oil surface increase
（1）现象
(1) phenomenon
①排气冒蓝烟。
The blue smoke exhaust.
②溅油声音大。
The sound of oil splashing is big.
③柴油机运转无力。
The diesel engine is incapable of running.
（2）原因
(2) cause
①燃油漏入机油盆：柴油发电机喷油泵柱塞副磨损过大、喷油器针阀关闭不严或针阀卡死在开启位置；活塞、活塞环与气缸之间的配合间隙过大，使燃油沿缸壁下漏到油底壳。
The fuel oil leakage into the machine: diesel generator fuel injection pump plunger wear is too large, the injector needle valve is not tightly closed or needle stuck in the open position; the clearance between the piston and the piston ring and cylinder is too large, so that the fuel leakage along the cylinder wall to the oil pan.
②水渗入机油盆：气缸垫冲坏；与水套相通的气缸壁产生裂纹；湿式缸套与缸体间的橡胶密封圈未安装正确或损坏。
The water infiltration machine: oil cylinder gasket destroyed; crack and the cylinder wall is communicated with the water jacket; wet cylinder and cylinder between the rubber sealing ring is not installed properly or damaged.
（3）排除方法 首先抽出机油标尺检查机油是否过稀。若发现机油油面增高并且很稀时，应进一步查找原因，看是否有水或燃油漏入而冲淡机油，引起过稀。其检查方法如下。
(3) the removal method first draws the oil scale to check whether the oil is too thin. If the oil oil surface is found to be high and very thin, it should be further looked for the reason to see if there is water or fuel leakage to dilute the oil, causing too much dilute. The method of inspection is as follows.
抽出机油标尺，滴几滴机油在纸上观察机油颜色并闻气味。如机油呈乳黄色，且无其他气味，说明是水进入了曲轴箱，应检查气缸垫是否冲坏，缸体水道是否有裂纹，湿式缸套与缸体间的橡胶密封圈是否安装正确或损毁。
Draw the oil scale and drop a few drops of oil to observe the color and smell of the oil on the paper. If the oil is milky yellow and there is no other smell, it means that the water enters the crankcase. We should check whether the cylinder gasket is damaged, whether there is a crack in the cylinder and the waterway, whether the rubber seal ring between the wet cylinder liner and the cylinder block is installed correctly or damaged.
如果闻到机油中有燃油味，应启动发动机观察是否运转良好，若启动柴油机后排气管冒黑烟，则应检查喷油器的针阀是否正常关闭，若有滴漏，应予以维修。若发动机在正常工作温度下动力不足，则应检查喷油泵柱塞是否下漏柴油，活塞、活塞环与气缸之间的配合间隙是否过大，并进行更换或检修。
If you smell the smell of fuel in the oil, you should start the engine to observe whether it works well. If you start the diesel engine exhaust pipe black smoke, you should check whether the injector needle valve is closed properly, if there is leakage, it should be maintained. If the engine is insufficient in power at normal working temperature, check whether the fuel pump plunger is leaking or not, and whether the clearance between the piston and piston ring and cylinder is too large, and replace or overhaul it.
以上检查维修完毕后，必须将旧机油放出，并清洗润滑系统，再重新假如规定量的合适牌号的新机油。
After the above inspection and maintenance, the old oil must be released, and the lubricating system should be cleaned again, and then the new oil of the appropriate number should be renewed.

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