宋代五大名窑之说，始见于明代皇室收藏目录《宣德鼎彝谱》：“内库所藏柴、汝、官、哥、钧、定名窑器皿，款式典雅者，写图进呈。”清代许之衡《饮流斋说瓷》中说：“吾华制瓷可分三大时期：曰宋，曰明、曰清。宋最有名之有五，所谓柴、汝、官、哥、定是也。更有钧窑，亦甚可贵。”由于柴窑至今未发现窑址，时间在宋之前，最近10来年才在民间发现实物，因此过去通常将钧窑列入，与汝、官、哥、定并称为宋代五大名窑。官窑制度在明清两代逐渐形成。在唐朝后期的邢窑产品上，始见手写“官”字，可能是从烧成的瓷器中挑选出上好的器皿送进宫内。北宋虽有固定的官窑，其制度如何，因缺乏史载而不明。而其时的定窑、汝窑、钧窑烧造的瓷器通常是先由官方(朝廷所派专员)挑选，其余的产品则由工匠上市销售。乾隆皇帝的御制诗中，常以“少贵似晨星”、“晨星真可贵”等形容文物的珍贵稀有。尤其有“赵宋官窑晨星看”一句，可知乾隆皇帝珍视如宝贝的文物，正是宋朝官窑瓷器。

The Five Famous Kilns in the Song Dynasty were first seen in the Ming Dynasty royal collection catalogue “Xuande Dingshuo Musician”: “Inside the library, the Chai, Xi, Guan, Ge, Yi, and kiln utensils were named, and the styles were elegant. According to Xu Zhiheng’s “Drinking Porcelain Porcelain”, “Wuhua Porcelain can be pided into three major periods: the Song and Song Dynasties, the Shuming and the Suiqing. The Song is best known as five. The so-called Chai, Yi, Guan, Ge and Ding are In addition, there are more kiln kiln, and it is even more expensive.” Since the kiln has not yet found a kiln site, the time before the Song Dynasty was discovered only in the last 10 years in the private sector. Therefore, the kiln was often included in the kiln in the past, with the kiln, official, and brother. It is known as the Five Famous Kilns of the Song Dynasty. The official kiln system gradually formed in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the Xing kiln products of the late Tang Dynasty, the word "official" was written. It was possible to select the best utensils from the fired porcelain and send it to the palace. Although there is a fixed official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty, its system is unknown due to the lack of historical records. The porcelain of the Ding Ki, Kiln, and Kiln kiln was usually selected first by the official (specialist appointed by the imperial court), and the remaining products were sold by craftsmen. In Emperor Qianlong's imperial poetry, precious and rare artifacts are often described as "less expensive like morning stars" and "precious stars are precious." In particular, there is a sentence of “Zhao Song Guan Kiln Morning Star Watching”. It can be known that the Qianlong Emperor cherished treasures such as treasures, which is the official porcelain of the Song Dynasty.

宋代官窑乃宋徽宗因不满当时现有贡御瓷器的瑕疵和缺陷，引入汝瓷及开封东窑等窑口窑系的制作精华，在东京汴梁，即今河南开封，按照自己的设计、亲自指挥烧制和创制的巅峰之瓷，其不仅是中国陶瓷史上第一个由朝廷独资投建的“国有”窑口，也是第一个被皇帝个人垄断的瓷器种类。南宋顾文荐《负睻杂录》记载：“宋宣政间京师自置窑烧造，名曰‘官窑’”。
文中此对宋代官窑瓷瓶对釉色的追求与完善达到了一个很高的水平，其釉质肥厚，瓷无修饰，犹如大罐，瓶口大，瓶身鼓圆。主要以釉色之美、纹裂之俏，追求艺术上至高至上的大境界。此对官窑瓷瓶在原料选用、色调调配上甚为讲究，尤其在原料选用上，可以说是穷其奢华，不惜代价，添加有品质上乘的翡翠、玛瑙等玉粉入釉，在烧制过程中，按器形的要求，增添了垫、支垫结合的烧法，器物受力更均匀，使得胎骨也更坚挺，从而为釉质更趋淳厚、匀润创造了条件，真正达到了肥若堆脂，抚之如缎似玉的，攥之仿佛出油的艺术效果。其造型古朴庄重，釉质如脂如玉，所裂纹片灵动飘逸，色如墨线，釉面莹莹，极富美感。作品观之神韵内蕴、质朴无华，不独无什么精美雕饰和装饰，也更无什么艳彩涂绘，其完全凭藉自身釉色和幻放的纹片之美抵达其冰清玉洁、神韵天成的美学境界，随着时代的积累，此种官窑瓶存世极少，是一件不可多得的官窑极品。

The Guan kiln of the Song dynasty was Huizong of the Song Dynasty. Due to his dissatisfaction with the flaws and defects of the existing imperial ceramics at that time, he introduced the kiln kiln systems such as enamel and Kaifeng Dong Kiln. The porcelain of the pinnacle of firing and creation was not only the first state-owned kiln mouth in the history of Chinese ceramics that was wholly invested by the imperial court, but also the first type of porcelain monopolized by the Emperor. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Gu Wenjian’s book “The Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Record” records: “The Song Xuanzhengjian Imperial School built its own kiln and made it known as the “guan kiln”.” In the article, the pursuit and improvement of the glaze of the Song dynasty official kiln porcelain vase reached a very high level. The enamel is hypertrophic and the porcelain is not modified. It is like a large can, a large bottle mouth, and a round drum. Mainly glazed beauty, cracking Qiao, the pursuit of art to the supremacy of the big realm. This porcelain kiln porcelain bottle is used in the selection of raw materials and color tones. Especially in the selection of raw materials, it can be said that it is lavishly luxurious. At any cost, jade powders such as jadeite and agate are added to the glaze to create a glaze. In accordance with the requirement of the shape of the device, the method of burning pad and support pad was added, and the force of the device was more even, making the fetus more rigid, thus creating a condition for the enamel to be even thicker and evener, and truly reaching the fat. As fat as the satin jade, it is as if the art of oil. The shape of the simple and solemn, enamel, such as fat, jade, the clever and elegant pieces of cracks, color, such as the ink line, glazed Yingying, very beautiful. The charm of the concept of works is simple and unpretentious. It is not only without exquisite carvings and decorations, but also without any colorful paintings. It completely relies on its own glaze and the beauty of the illusions to reach its aesthetic realm of pure beauty and natural beauty. With the accumulation of the times, such an official kiln bottle has very little in existence and is a rare official kiln.

宋代官窑瓷器 ,官瓷代表着汉族陶瓷艺术的最高成就，属于宋代五大名窑之一， 由官府直接营建。官窑瓷器虽然在宋代瓷器中只占极少数，但是由于其所处地位和具备的优越条件，使它在当时烧造了一批宫庭所需的高档瓷器，其高超的烧造技艺和不朽的艺术价值，成为汉民族珍贵的文化遗产。宋代官窑在近几年的拍卖市场中表现突出，价位稳步上涨。2004年，一件直径8.4厘米的宋官窑圆形洗在拍卖会上以26.4万元成交；2005年，一件高9.8厘米的宋官窑贯耳瓶以63.8万元成交；同年，一件宋官窑花口盘以528万元成交；2008年，香港苏富春季拍卖中，一件南宋官窑粉青釉纸槌瓶以6753万港元成交，创下了当时的宋瓷世界拍卖纪录。宋时期的瓷器流传至今，存世量少，但是由于其所处地位和具备的优越条件，使它在当时烧造了一批宫庭所需的高档瓷器，其高超的烧造技艺和不朽的艺术价值，成为汉民族珍贵的文化遗产，具有不可估量的收藏价值。

The official kiln porcelain of the Song dynasty, the official porcelain representing the highest achievements of the Han ceramic art, is one of the five famous kilns of the Song Dynasty and is directly built by the government. Guan kiln porcelain, although only a very small number in the Song dynasty porcelain, but because of its status and superior conditions, it made a series of high-grade porcelain for the court at that time, its superb skill and immortality The value of art has become a precious cultural heritage of the Han people. The official kiln of the Song Dynasty performed outstandingly in the auction market in recent years, and the price rose steadily. In 2004, a round
8.4-cm Songguan Kiln was washed at the auction for 264,000 yuan; in 2005, a
9.8-cm-high Songguan Kiln bottle was sold for 638,000 yuan; the same year, a Songguan Kiln flower mouth plate sold for
5.28 million yuan; in 2008, Hong Kong Su Fu spring auction, a Southern Song official kiln powder celadon paper bottle was sold for HKD 67.53 million, setting a record for the Song Dynasty porcelain auction in the world. The porcelains of the Song Dynasty have been passed down to the present day and are still kept in small numbers. However, due to their status and superior conditions, they created a number of high-grade porcelains for the courts at that time. Their superb skills of burning and immortal arts. Value has become a precious cultural heritage of the Han nationality and it has invaluable collection value.