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附录:如何选择合适的金刚石/CBN磨头尺寸?
1,内圆磨棒直径不宜太大或太小
磨内孔时,若砂轮直径太大,则砂轮与工件的接触弧随之增大,使磨削热增加,冷却和排削困难。若砂轮直径太小,难以达到 理想的磨削速度(30m/s~50m/s),使磨削厚度增加,磨粒所受的符合增大,容易磨钝,使内孔表面粗糙度增大,生产效率降 低。
为了获得良好的磨削效果,砂轮直径与内孔直径应保持适当的比值,此比值通常在0.5~0.9之间。当孔径较小时,只要问题是砂轮圆周速度低,此时应取大比值;当孔距较小时,主要问题是冷却和排屑困难,此时应去较小的比值。内圆砂轮直径选择可参考下表。
被磨孔的直径/mm | 砂轮直径/mm | 被磨孔的直径/mm | 砂轮直径/mm |
12~17 | 10 | 45~55 | 40 |
17~22 | 15 | 55~70 | 50 |
22~27 | 20 | 70~80 | 65 |
27~32 | 25 | 80~100 | 75 |
32~45 | 30 |
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2,内圆磨棒工作宽度不宜太宽或太窄
内圆磨削时,如果砂轮宽度太窄,砂轮容易磨损,不利于提高生产效率和降低表面粗糙度;如果砂轮太宽,则磨削力增大,易引起砂轮接长轴弯曲变形。因此磨内孔时,应选择合适的砂轮宽度。在接长轴刚性和机床功率允许的范围内,砂轮宽度可以按工件还长度选择,见下表。
磨削长度/mm | 砂轮宽度/mm | 磨削长度/mm | 砂轮宽度/mm |
14 | 10 | 45 | 32 |
30 | 25 | 50以上 | 40 |