蛭石是硅酸盐材料经高温加热后形成的云母状物质，其在加热过程中水分迅速失去并膨胀，膨胀后的体积相当于原来体积的20倍。从而使该物质增加了通气孔隙和保水能力。
农业、园艺用蛭石是经过特制加工的膨胀蛭石，其主要作用是增加土壤（介质）的通气性和保水性。因其易碎，随着使用时间的延长，容易使介质致密而失去通气性和保水性，所以粗的蛭石比细的使用时间长，且效果好。即使是细小种子的播种介质和作为播种的覆盖物，都是以较粗的为好。
在农业方面，蛭石可用作土壤改良剂，由于其具有良好的阳离子交换性和吸附性，可改善土壤的结构、储水保湿并且提高土壤的透气性和含水性，使酸性土壤变为中性土壤；蛭石还可起到缓冲作用，阻碍pH值的迅速变化，使肥料在作物生长介质中缓慢释放，且允许稍过量地使用肥料而对植物没有危害；蛭石还可向作物提供自身含有的K、Mg、Ca、Fe以及微量的Mn、Cu、Zn等元素。
除作盆栽土和调节剂外，还用于无土栽培。作为种植盆栽树和商业苗床的营养基层，对于植物的移栽和运送特别有利。蛭石能够有效地促进植物根系的生长和小苗的稳定发育。长时间提供植物生长所必需的水分及营养，并能保持根阳光温度的稳定。促进植物较快生长；
蛭石的吸水性、阳离子交换性及化学成分特性，使其起着保肥、保水、储水、透气和矿物肥料等多重作用。试验表明：将10-20%的膨胀蛭石掺入复合肥中，可使农作物产量提高15-20%。特点是：质轻、水肥吸附性能好、不腐烂，可使用3-5年。
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产品名称：膨胀蛭石 型号：1-3MM
产品名称：膨胀蛭石 型号：2-4MM
产品名称：膨胀蛭石 型号：3-6MM
In agriculture, Vermiculite can be used as soil amendments. Benefiting from the good exchangeability and adsorbability of its cations, vermiculite can be used to improve the soil in agriculture. It can improve the soil structure, keep water and increase the permeability and aquosity of the soil to make the acid soil changed to neutral soil; Vermiculite can play a role of buffering to hindering the rapid changes in PH value, so that the fertilizer could be slowly released during the growth of the crop and certain over use of fertilizers can be accepted without hurting the plants. Vermiculite can also provide the plants with the K、Mg、Ca、Fe and a small quantity of Mn, Cu, Zn that it contains.
The exchangeability and absorbability and the properties of chemical compositions of vermiculite play multiple roles in keeping fertilizers and waters, helping the crops breath and being used as mineral fertilizer. Test shows: if the expanded vermiculite of 5-15% be mixed into the compound fertilizers, the crop production will be increased by 15-20%. Characteristics: light weight, good absorbability of watered fertilizers, non-perishable and can be used for 3-5 years.
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