蛭石是硅酸盐材料经高温加热后形成的云母状物质，其在加热过程中水分迅速失去并膨胀，膨胀后的体积相当于原来体积的20倍。从而使该物质增加了通气孔隙和保水能力。
园艺用蛭石是经过特制加工的膨胀蛭石，其主要作用是增加土壤（介质）的通气性和保水性。因其易碎，随着使用时间的延长，容易使介质致密而失去通气性和保水性，所以粗的蛭石比细的使用时间长，且效果好。即使是细小种子的播种介质和作为播种的覆盖物，都是以较粗的为好。
蛭石的吸水性、阳离子交换性及化学成分特性，使其起着保肥、保水、储水、透气和矿物肥料等多重作用。试验表明：将 10-20% 的膨胀蛭石掺入复合肥中，可使农作物产量提高 15-20% 。特点是：质轻、水肥吸附性能好、不腐烂，可使用3-5年。
Vermiculite used for soilless cultivation
Vermiculite is a micaseous matter that formed by the hightemperature heating of silicate materials. In the process of heating, its moisture content went lot and it got expended rapidly, and the volume became 20 times bigger, which made its vent interval increased and the the water keeping ability enhanced.
Vermiculite used in gardening is the expended one after special processing. Its main function is to enhance the vent and water keeping ability of the soil (medium). The fragile feature will cause the loss of vent and water keeping ability of the medium with the extension of utility time, so, the rough vermiculite can be used longer with better results than the fine vermiculite. Rough vermiculite is better to be used both as the seeding medium of the tiny seeds or as the slipcover of the seeds.
In the aspect of gardening, expended vermiculite can be used into planting and raising seeds of flowers, vegetables and fruits. It can make the plants grow fast as it can help the plants get enough water and nutrition at the very beginning of the growth. It can be mixed with the peat coal, turfy soil and perlite and becomes one of the main materials of the plant medium. At the same time, it can also be used as the seeding slipcover and appropriately adjust the PH value of the medium.
In agriculture, Vermiculite can be used as soil amendments. Benefiting from the good exchangeability and adsorbability of its cations, vermiculite can be used to improve the soil in agriculture. It can improve the soil structure, keep water and increase the permeability and aquosity of the soil to make the acid soil changed to neutral soil; Vermiculite can play a role of buffering to hindering the rapid changes in PH value, so that the fertilizer could be slowly released during the growth of the crop and certain over use of fertilizers can be accepted without hurting the plants. Vermiculite can also provide the plants with the K、Mg、Ca、Fe and a small quantity of Mn, Cu, Zn that it contains.
Except being used as the potting soil and regulator, vermiculite can be used in soilless culture. As the nutrition foundation of the potted plants and seedbed, it’s advantageous for the transplanting and transporting. Vermiculite could effectively accelerate the steady growth of the root system and the plantlets. It will provide the plants with the necessary water and nutrition for the growth of plants for a long period and keep the sunshine and temperature of the root steady, so that to accelerate the growth of the plants.
The exchangeability and absorbability and the properties of chemical compositions of vermiculite play multiple roles in keeping fertilizers and waters, helping the crops breath and being used as mineral fertilizer. Test shows: if the expanded vermiculite of 5-15% be mixed into the compound fertilizers, the crop production will be increased by 15-20%. Characteristics: light weight, good absorbability of watered fertilizers, non-perishable and can be used for 3-5 years.
Usage:
- One of the main materials of the planting medium, can be mixed withwith the peat coal, turfy soil and perlite
- Seeding slipcover
- Appropriately adjust the PH value of the medium.
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