幕墙是建筑物的外墙护围,不承重,像幕布一样挂上去,故又称为悬挂墙,是现代大型和高层建筑常用的带有装饰效果的轻质墙体。由结构框架与镶嵌板材组成,不承担主体结构载荷与作用的建筑围护结构。
介绍编辑 定义幕墙(Curtain Wall)是建筑物的外墙围护,不承受主体结构荷载,像幕布一样挂上去,故又称为悬挂墙,是现代大型和高层建筑常用的带有装饰效果的轻质墙体。由结构框架与镶嵌板材组成,不承担主体结构载荷与作用的建筑围护结构。
幕墙是利用各种强劲、轻盈、美观的建筑材料取代传统的砖石或窗墙结合的外墙工法,是包围在主结构的外围而使整栋建筑达到美观,使用功能健全而又安全的外墙工法。简言之,是将建筑穿上一件漂亮的外衣。幕墙范围主要包括建筑的外墙、采光顶(罩)和雨篷。
建筑幕墙 curtain wall for building :由面板与支承结构体系(支承装置与支承系统)组成,相对主体结构有一定位移能力或自身有一定变形能力,不承担主体结构所受作用的建筑外围护墙。
特征1、幕墙是一个独立完整的整体结构系统;
2、幕墙通常用在主体结构的外侧,一般都包覆在主体结构表面之上;
3、幕墙相对主体结构在平面内有一定的微动能力。
历史建筑装饰幕墙早在150年前(19世纪中叶)就已在建筑工程中使用,由于受当时材料和加工工艺的局限,幕墙达不到绝对水密性、气密性、抵抗各种自然外力的侵袭(如风、地震、气温)、热物理因素(热辐射、结露)以及隔音、防火等要求,一直得不到很好的发展及推广。
自20世纪50年代以来,由于建筑材料及加工工艺的迅速发展,各种类型的建筑材料研制成功,如各种密封胶的发明及其它隔声、防火填充材料的出现,很好地解决了建筑外围对幕墙的指标要求,并逐渐成为当代外墙建筑装饰新潮流。
今天,幕墙不仅广泛用于各种建筑物的外墙,还应用于各种功能的建筑内墙,如通信机房、电视演播室、航空港(机场)、大车站、体育馆、博物馆、文化中心、大酒店、大型商场等。
今后,由于幕墙工艺与科技的结合,响应全球节能减排的号召,智能型幕墙,如太阳能光伏幕墙、通风道呼吸幕墙、感应风雨智能幕墙等,将展示出建筑的独特魅力。
发展趋势1、从笨重性走向更轻型的板材和结构(天然石材厚度25mm,新型材料最薄达到1mm)
2、品种少逐步走向多类型的板材及更丰富的色彩(目前有石材、陶瓷板、微晶玻璃、高压层板、水泥纤维丝板、玻璃、无机玻璃钢、陶土板、陶保板、金属板等近60种板材应用在外墙)
3、更高的安全性能
4、更灵活方便快捷的施工技术
5、更高的防水性能,延长了幕墙的寿命(从封闭式幕墙发展到开放式幕墙)
6、环保节能(现今欧美建筑市场比较常用的为金属装饰保温板,由经过彩色烤漆的铝锌合金雕花饰面、聚氨酯保温层、玻璃纤维布复合而成;兼顾装饰和保温节能功能,面漆10-15年无褪色,整体使用寿命可达45年;)
2功能介绍编辑 性能1、抗风压变形
2、雨水渗漏(水密性)
3、空气渗透(气密性)
4、平面内变形(抗震性)
5、热工(保温性)
6、隔声
7、防雷
8、防火
9 、环保
10、吸声
11、美观、装饰
12 、节能
优点1、质量轻
在相同面积的比较下,玻璃幕墙的质量约为粉刷砖墙的1/10~1/12,是大理石、花岗岩饰面湿工法墙的1/15,是混凝土挂板的1/5~1/7。一般建筑,内、外墙的质量约为建筑物总重量的1/4~1/5。采用幕墙可大大的减轻建筑物的重量,从而减少基础工程费用。
2、设计灵活
艺术效果好,建筑师可以根据自己的需求设计各种造型,可呈现不同颜色,与周围环境协调,配合光照等使建筑物与自然融为一体,让高楼建筑减少压迫感。
3、抗震能力强
采用柔性设计,抗风抗震能力强,是高建筑的最优选择。
4、系统化施工
系统化的施工更容易控制好工期,且耗时较短。
5、现代化
可提高建筑新颖化、科技化,如光伏节能幕墙,双层通风道呼吸幕墙等与智能科技配套的设计。
6、更新维修方便
由于是在建筑外围结构搭建,方便对其进行维修或者更新。
3概要结构编辑1、幕墙门相关配件;
2、幕墙窗相关配件;
3、幕墙预埋件配件;
4、幕墙驳接头配件;
5、幕墙驳接抓配件;
6、幕墙装饰配件。
4分类编辑 用途幕墙从用途上可分为:建筑幕墙、构件式建筑幕墙、单元式幕墙、玻璃幕墙、石材幕墙、金属板幕墙、全玻幕墙、点支承玻璃幕墙等。
镶嵌板1、玻璃幕墙:
(1)按玻璃类型分为:单片玻璃、胶合玻璃、中空玻璃。
(2)按玻璃安装方式分为:全玻璃幕墙、玻璃砖幕墙、点接驳式玻璃幕墙。
全玻璃幕墙:吊挂式玻璃幕墙、座地式玻璃幕墙。
玻璃砖幕墙:框架式玻璃砖幕墙、填充式玻璃砖幕墙
点接驳式玻璃幕墙: 拉杆式玻璃幕墙、拉索式玻璃幕墙、 桁架式玻璃幕墙
2、金属板幕墙:
单片铝板、复合铝板、铝塑板、不锈钢板、钛合金板、彩钢板、铜片板(已不用)。
3、非金属板(玻璃除外)幕墙:
石材板、蜂巢复合板、千思板、陶瓷板、钙塑板、人造板、预铸造型水泥加工板。
石材幕墙:组合幕墙、钢销式石材幕墙、短槽式石材幕墙、通槽式石材幕墙、背栓式石材幕墙、小单元式石材幕墙、湿贴式石材幕墙、蜂窝石材石材幕墙。
构件1、框架式(元件式)幕墙:
(1)明框式幕墙
(2)隐框式玻璃幕墙
(3)横明竖隐式玻璃幕墙
(4)横隐竖明式玻璃幕墙
2、单元式幕墙
(1)单元式玻璃幕墙:单元式幕墙同常规构件式幕墙一样,在开始进行设计的时候,第一需要考虑的就是满足建筑效果的要求,在满足建筑效果的基础上着重考虑幕墙的结构、构造设计。
(2)半单元式玻璃幕墙:
(3)小单元式玻璃幕墙:
是否开放1、封闭式
2、开放式,如呼吸式幕墙(双层动态节能幕墙)。
3、区别
(1)封闭式需用中性硅铜耐侯密封胶、泡沫棒,开放式不需用
(2)开放式装饰效果好、防水效果好、寿命长,易通风
结构形式常见的玻璃幕墙结构形式:隐框、半隐框、明框、点式、全玻璃等。
经济型双层1、概述
随着我国国民经济的高速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,以及建筑师设计理念“人性之于建筑”的提升,建筑物越来越向高层、高档、多功能方向发展。因此建筑幕墙产品也必然向高新技术和多功能的方向发展,才能适应人们日渐增强的环保节能意识,满足市场对建筑幕墙功能的需求。
双层幕墙或者通风幕墙作为比较流行的建筑外围护结构,起源于北美,在欧洲获得广泛的应用。就换气方式而言,可以将它分为两大体系:内通风和外通风。内通风双层幕墙的外层为封闭式结构,换气在幕墙的两层空间内进行,通常需要集中强制通风系统的配合才能进行与自然界的交换,达到最终效果。内通风双层幕墙体系在意大利应用较多;外通风借助建筑外空气,通过双层幕墙的进风口和出风口合理组织气流,直接与自然界形成交换,达到最终的效果。外通风双层幕墙在德国、英国的应用比较多。
幕墙的通风高度可能是单层、多层甚至整个建筑物的高度,或者以上几种情况的一些组合。最常见的是单层高度结构,单层双层幕墙的的优点:楼层之间具有分开的火、烟、气味和噪声,并且容易实现幕墙单元的标准化设计和制作。
在温带气候例如欧洲大陆和英国地区,建筑界对于双层幕墙的应用很广,建筑界专家认为双层幕墙能够降低制冷负荷,便于良好的自然通风,便于采光,控制噪声,降低热能消耗等。
一般而言,双层幕墙的造价比普通幕墙高出很多,因此需要探讨新的幕墙结构,使其即具有双层幕墙的优越性,又具有普通幕墙的经济性。
本文介绍在国外应用过的一种建筑幕墙结构,供幕墙设计者参考。
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" 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2、经济型双层通风幕墙的结构
经济型双层通风幕墙采用整体单元式体系的结构形式,内外层幕墙面板的间距为155mm,整个体系结构轻巧、简洁、经济。幕墙框架采用铝合金龙骨,在工厂加工、制作、组装成型;面材采用中空玻璃、单层玻璃以及内衬保温装饰板;防水、密封胶条(垫)采用三元乙丙或硅胶,与铝合金接触部位的五金附件采用不锈钢材质。然后运至现场直接悬挂于建筑主体结构之上。
玻璃幕墙是指由支承结构体系与玻璃组成的、可相对主体结构有一定位移能力、不分担主体结构所受作用的建筑外围护结构或装饰结构。有单层和双层玻璃的墙体。反光绝缘玻璃厚6毫米,墙面自重约40kg/㎡,有轻巧美观、不易污染、节约能源等优点。幕墙外层玻璃的里侧涂有彩色的金属镀膜,从外观上看整片外墙犹如一面镜子,将天空和周围环境的景色映入其中,光线变化时,影像色彩斑斓、变化无穷。在光线的反射下,室内不受强光照射,视觉柔和。中国1983年首次在北京长城饭店工程中采用。
去过美国纽约的人大凡会被其繁华的都市风貌所折服,那高耸入云的摩天大楼蔚为壮观,而其通体的玻璃幕墙映衬出空明的蓝天和飘舞的白云,更为之增添了绚丽的色彩。那么,玻璃幕墙是怎么做成的呢?玻璃幕墙是指作为建筑外墙装潢的镜面玻璃,它是在浮法玻璃组成中添加微量的Fe、Ni、Co、Se等,并经钢化制成颜色透明板状玻璃,它可吸收红外线,减少进入室内的太阳辐射,降低室内温度。它既能像镜子一样反射光线,又能像玻璃一样透过光线。
现代化高层建筑的玻璃幕墙还采用了由镜面玻璃与普通玻璃组合,隔层充入干燥空气的中空玻璃。中空玻璃有两层和三层之分,两层中空玻璃由两层玻璃加密封框架,形成一个夹层空间;三层玻璃则是由三层玻璃构成两个夹层空间。中空玻璃具有隔音、隔热、防结霜、防潮、抗风压强度大等优点。据测量,当室外温度为-10℃时,单层玻璃窗前的温度为-2℃,而使用三层中空玻璃的室内温度为13℃。而在夏天,双层中空玻璃可以挡住90%的太阳辐射热。阳光依然可以透过玻璃幕墙,但晒在身上不会感到炎热。使用中空玻璃幕墙的房间可以做到冬暖夏凉,极大地改善了生活环境。中间用PC阳光玻璃--PC板,耐高温达135度,低温-45度。
5人才发展编辑<img width="200" height="150" 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" 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幕墙行业所需要的人才从性质上可划分为:技术类、管理类、营销类。在高级人才中,技术类的主要包括:幕墙设计工程师,详图、深化工程师,工艺工程师,项目经理等;营销包括:营销总监、市场总监、策划总监等,管理类包括:总经理、副总、生产厂长、项目经理、人才资源总监。
这种专业化要求决定了只有是成熟的专业人才才能在业内找到位置。门窗幕墙技术类人才占总需求量的60%以上,幕墙设计工程师,详图、深化工程师,工艺工程师,无损探伤人员一般都要求5年以上工作经验,而这些人才在一些二级地区供远小于求,如福建、广西、河北、安徽、湖南等。
随着我国建筑幕墙行业不断发展和进步,从1983年我国国内第一个自主设计、自主施工的建筑幕墙工程——北京长城饭店的建成,建筑幕墙在我国已经走过了25年的发展历程,幕墙技术的发展也逐步走向多元化和高技术含量。
现幕墙行业人才服务平台一览幕墙英才网专业为幕墙行业提供人力资源的服务工作,一览幕墙英才网是全国最早从事幕墙行业的人力资源服务的网站,网站的人才主要是幕墙设计类项目管理和一些技术人才!
6行业发展编辑20世纪对幕墙的要求在很多方面都有了提高.从而确立了新的建筑、生产、安装及功能原则。这方面的发展与幕墙防火、隔音、防水、密封性、防潮、隔热、防雷、防雷达、遮阳、自然采光及通风等功能的改进携手同步口现幕墙设计和施工关注的焦点已经转向了重视客户的长期满意度。因此,对质量、功能性及资本成本的要求逐渐提高。一方面是我们设计和开发的出发点及建筑师、设计师、承包商及系统提供商的一风险因素一另一方面是客户的期望和要求得不到满足。施工中的物理学及建造和使用建筑所需的资源等方面的内容在立法中会越来越重要。客户对建筑外墙的安全性(防火、防止攻击等)及质量的要求会越来越严格。通过保证按计划设计、施工.尽量减少所需的资金和相关风险从而优化整个施工顺序也日益重要。这意味着通过优化功能、成本和效率要提供令客户满意、复杂性可控的产品和服务。
7行业薪资编辑最近的初步调查,显示关于幕墙设计方面工作年限在1-2年的大专学历人才,年薪在5万以上!